Verne, You are a font of knowledge; thanks for replying! The mortar stuff seems to be all over the top of the insulation, and there are bits hanging from the inside of the roof, waiting to drop. So my impression is that the inside of the roof used to be covered in this mortar stuff, presumably to hold the tiles on to the batons. It would appear, as things stand, that the roof is doing ok without this mortar stuff in place, but I don't want to tempt fate. I'm not sure why there is so much of it in that corner; perhaps the same person who rolled back the insulation from that rectangular strip chucked it all there as it was in his way? I would be very surprised if that roof isn't original. The house is just over 100 years old and the roof looks like others in the street (apart from those that have been re-roofed with concrete tiles.) The house to the left of mine has some sort of black grease spread all over its roof so that might give a misleading impression - I can see what you mean; their black grease makes their roof look different. If those white things are for old aerials then presumably the wooden frame has been in situ since the house was built. The straw stuff is only in one corner and near to it, on the brick (the top of the external wall) there is what looks like bird droppings, hence my presumption that it could be bats. I agree.. I need to have a nose round up there when it is pouring down outside. Radiator is working in the spare room now and I had it on full blast yesterday with the dehumidifer on. The wall looks a hell of a lot drier with only stain indicating where there was previously water. The ceiling has also dried. So my plan now is to repaint the room and continue keeping it warm with dehumidifier on every other day, and window on the latch when ever somebody spends any time in there. If the damp patches re-appear then I think I may need some pointing doing, or roof work. Thanks again